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Vol 23, No 1 (2020)

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DERMATO-ONCOLOGY

Erythroplasia of Queyrat: modern aspects of diagnosis and treatment

Dubensky V.V., Dubensky V.V., Nekrasova E.G., Muravyova E.S.

Abstract

This paper presents the current data regarding the epidemiology, risk factors, diagnosis, clinical manifestations, and treatment of Erythroplasia of Queyrat (EQ). The possibility of using photodynamic therapy (PDT) for EQ is analyzed, and clinical observation of a patient with EQ who underwent PDT with an external gel photosensitizer based on E6 chloride is described.

 

Russian Journal of Skin and Venereal Diseases. 2020;23(1):4-11
pages 4-11 views

Basal cell skin cancer: modern clinical and diagnostic aspects and the role of early diagnostics

Tarasenko G.N., Kolenko N.G., Tarasenko Y.G.

Abstract

Skin cancer is the leading cancer type (12.6%) in both men and women in Russian Federation. Basal cell skin cancer is the most common non-melanoma, malignant epithelial skin tumor. The identification of skin tumors in the early stages is one of the priority purposes of modern medicine because it facilitates the radical treatment of these diseases. Notably, an examination by a dermatologist should be performed in conjunction with non-invasive diagnostic methods.

Russian Journal of Skin and Venereal Diseases. 2020;23(1):12-16
pages 12-16 views

CLINICAL PICTURE, DIAGNOSIS, AND THERAPY OF DERMATOSES

New opportunities in the treatment of cutaneous lymphoid hyperplasia

Olisova O.Y., Anpilogova E.M.

Abstract

Here, we present the results of our research regarding the efficacy of photodynamic therapy (PDT) in cutaneous lymphoid hyperplasia (CLH). We observed five patients with CLH. The diagnoses were confirmed both clinically and through laboratory testing. The response to treatment was defined by the index of the modified assessment of the severity of the skin lesions scale (mSWAT). PDT (665 ± 10 nm) with topical photosensitizer application was performed once a week. The PDT course consisted of 4 ± 2 sessions. After the therapy, complete remission was achieved in four patients (80%; mSWAT 95–100%) and partial remission in one patient (20%; mSWAT 63%). Thus, PDT proved to be an effective and safe method for treating CLH.

Russian Journal of Skin and Venereal Diseases. 2020;23(1):17-22
pages 17-22 views

Promising fields in the study of the pathogenesis of necrobiosis lipoidica

Teplyuk N.P., Shimanovskiy N.L., Varshavsky V.A., Koroleva V.S.

Abstract

The diagnosis of necrobiosis lipoidica is gaining significance owing to the increase in the incidence of diabetes mellitus. Several theories regarding the etiopathogenesis of necrobiosis lipoidica indicate the distinctive role of transport proteins of the Glut family, as well as the role of matrix metalloproteinase in the development of this dermatosis.

Russian Journal of Skin and Venereal Diseases. 2020;23(1):23-28
pages 23-28 views

Regulatory T cells, CD4+CD25+FOXР3+CD127LOW, in patients with vulgar psoriasis

Olisova O.Y., Bykovskaia S.N., Gudova V.V.

Abstract

Aims. To determine the role of regulatory cells (Treg) in patients with vulgar psoriasis (VP) and to provide evidence of its possible role in diagnosis, treatment, and measurement of therapeutic efficacy.

Material and methods. We studied 60 patients (35 women and 25 men) with VP, ages ranging from 18 to 55 years. Of these, 28 patients had VP in the progressive stage, 19 were stable, and 8 had resolution of the disease. Overall, 42 patients had VP for less than 20 years and 28 patients for 20 years and more. Patients were divided based on VP severity into the following three groups: mild (10 patients), moderate (22 patients), and severe (28 patients). In addition, the amount of Treg was examined before and after narrow-band ultraviolet-B (UVB) therapy in 12 patients with the progressive stage of VP. The healthy donors (HD) group consisted of 22 persons.

Results. A reduction in the number of Treg, CD4+CD25+Foxр3+CD127LOW, was observed in the peripheral blood of patients with VP (2.84% ± 1.00% for patients with VP and 4.02% ± 0.73% for HD), with an increase in their number with stage transition (2.59% ± 0.68% in the progressive stage, 2.82% ± 1.55% in stable, and 3.68% ± 1.62% in the resolution period). An inverse correlation was determined not only between the number of Treg and the degree of VP severity (r = -0.39) but also with disease duration (r = -0.46). In addition, NB-UVB phototherapy was noted to promote an increase in the amount of Treg.

Russian Journal of Skin and Venereal Diseases. 2020;23(1):29-34
pages 29-34 views

Evaluation of subpopulations of T lymphocytes in psoriasis patients during therapy

Kochergin N.G., Paramonov A.A., Kayumova L.N.

Abstract

The immune cells and cytokines are involved in the initiation and development of psoriatic inflammation. Nonetheless, the role of T-cell subpopulations in psoriasis is not fully understood. Our work presents the results of a study to determine the level, phenotype, and clinical significance of certain subpopulations of peripheral T cells of patients with psoriasis during therapies. We observed 68 patients with psoriasis (30 men and 36 women) who were divided into two groups depending of the treatment (selective phototherapy and selective phototherapy plus methotrexate). Healthy volunteers (10 men and 12 women) were included as the control group. Subpopulations of T cells (CD3+, CD4+, CD8+, Treg) were determined using flow cytometry. Interleukins levels (IL-1β, IL-2, IL-6, TNFα, IFNγ) were analyzed using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI) and Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI) were used for treatment efficacy assessment. A moderate correlation was observed between PASI and Treg (R = -0.38), CD3+ (R = -0.30), CD4+ (R = -0.32), and CD8+ (R = 0.42). A significant correlation was noted between DLQI and Treg (R = -0.38), CD3+ (R = -0.30), CD4+ (R = -0.35), and CD8+ (R = 0.35), thereby indicating a tendency to restore the balance of lymphocyte subpopulations during therapy. This tendency was most pronounced in the group treated using methotrexate and selective phototherapy.

Russian Journal of Skin and Venereal Diseases. 2020;23(1):35-38
pages 35-38 views

Prospects of using biological products in vitiligo

Tavitova A.R., Krinitsyna A.A., Lomonosov K.M.

Abstract

A literature review is presented regarding the vitiligo reaction to biological agents for treating this dermatosis itself and as a side effect of the treatment of other diseases. Notably, the results of therapy with biological products and the researchers’ opinions on this subject are ambiguous because of the positive evidence of repigmentation of vitiligo foci, as well as cases of vitiligo in patients who received biological products for the treatment of another pathology.

Russian Journal of Skin and Venereal Diseases. 2020;23(1):39-41
pages 39-41 views

Psychosomatic disorders associated with pruritus in patients with lichen planus (review)

Dorozhenok I.Y., Snarskaya E.S., Mikhailova М.

Abstract

This review examines the psychosomatic aspects of pruritus in dermatological practice, as well as chronic dermatoses associated with pruritus of psychosomatic disorders in a lichen planus model. As the leading nosogenic factor, skin itching is involved in the development of psychogenic, neurotic, and depressive disorders. Notably, psychosomatic disorders associated with itching form various comorbidities with phenotypic manifestations of lichen planus. The introduction of an integrated multidisciplinary approach into the clinical practice, with the inclusion of psychocorrectional techniques in basic dermatological treatment, can help to optimize the course of skin disease. The modern domestic and foreign sources of literature were reviewed.

Russian Journal of Skin and Venereal Diseases. 2020;23(1):42-49
pages 42-49 views

COSMETOLOGY

Differential diagnosis of rosacea

Akimov V.G., Kruglova L.S.

Abstract

The clinical picture of rosacea, including facial skin erythema, telangiectasia, and popular, and pustular elements, is similar to other dermatoses, thereby causing difficulties in the differential diagnosis. Original photos and descriptions of the clinical signs that distinguish these diseases from rosacea are provided. Therefore, the possibility of rare skin lesions that are sometimes mistaken for a more frequent pathology should be considered to avoid diagnostic errors.

Russian Journal of Skin and Venereal Diseases. 2020;23(1):50-56
pages 50-56 views

A difficult patient at a cosmetologist appointment: early lip changes in women smokers: causes, and methods of correction

Shirshakova M.A., Morozova E.A.

Abstract

A smoker’s lips are more likely to change because of exposure to reactive oxygen species that contain oxygen in large quantities in tobacco smoke. Oxidative stress is a crucial factor in the development of smoking-related diseases, such as oral cancer, lung cancer, and chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases. The damaging effect occurs because of the imbalance between the generation of reactive oxygen species and their detoxification. Markers of oxidative stress include parameters of lipid peroxidation, the activity of glutathione and antioxidant enzymes, and oxidative DNA damage. The destruction of hyaluronic acid (HA), the only drug used to correct lip changes, in smokers is accelerated by its participation in reactions with active oxygen forms, and not just by pathemization because of enzymatic cleavage by hyaluronidase. Mannitol has strong antioxidant properties, which makes it an ideal auxiliary substance in the composition of fillers based on HA. The role of reactive oxygen species in the aging process and their effects on both endogenous HA and HA-based drugs developed for esthetic use are discussed. A review of drugs, based on mannitol with hyaluronic fillers, is provided. The inclusion of mannitol in hyaluronic fillers is an effective and safe way to improve both short-term and long-term esthetic effects of the HA injection.

Russian Journal of Skin and Venereal Diseases. 2020;23(1):57-64
pages 57-64 views


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