To study the effect of high blood bilirubin concentrations on the epidermis and dermis in seborrheic dermatitis and seborrheic alopecia

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Abstract

BACKGROUND: Seborrhea is a common problem affecting about 25% of the population. Seborrheic alopecia and seborrheic dermatitis have a negative impact on the quality of life of patients, reducing their self-esteem and social activity. However, the mechanisms underlying these diseases remain poorly understood to this day, which makes it difficult to develop effective treatments for these conditions.

AIM: To study the effect of high concentrations of blood bilirubin on the epidermis and dermis in seborrheic dermatitis and seborrheic alopecia.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: Seborrheic dermatitis of the scalp was registered in 61 patients, seborrheic alopecia ― in 23. After determining the concentration of bilirubin in the blood (total and direct), formed a group of 16 patients with seborrheic dermatitis (10 people with reference values of total and direct bilirubin and 6 people with hyperbilirubinemia), as well 23 patients as with seborrheic alopecia (9 people with reference values of total and direct bilirubin and 14 people with hyperbilirubinemia) were formed, who A histological examination of the biopsy of the skin of the affected area of the scalp was performed.

RESULTS: The formation of a thinner epidermis in seborrheic dermatitis and seborrheic alopecia at high concentrations of bilirubin is associated with the presence of a thinner spiny layer. In conditions of hyperbilirubinemia, pathological changes in the dermis are more associated with the presence of lymphohistiocytic infiltrates and the development of sclerotic changes, especially in seborrheic alopecia.

CONCLUSION: Seborrheic dermatitis and seborrheic alopecia against the background of hyperbilirubinemia is a tendency to decrease the thickness of the spiny layer, which affects the thickness of the entire epidermis. The decrease in the thickness of the stratum corneum with an increase in the granular layer, observed in seborrheic dermatitis, is a feature that is not observed in seborrheic alopecia. Manifestations of seborrheic alopecia are manifested by the presence of lymphohistiocytic infiltrates and sclerosis.

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About the authors

Natalya L. Shapchits

Northern State Medical University

Email: nata.shapchits@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0009-0003-5411-1064
SPIN-code: 5251-7555
Russian Federation, Arkhangelsk

Sergey L. Kashutin

Northern State Medical University

Email: sergeycash@yandex.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-2687-3059
SPIN-code: 7623-7216

MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine), Associate Professor

Russian Federation, Arkhangelsk

Inga G. Ponomarenko

Kirov Military Medical Academy

Email: manga-85@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0001-6550-6940
SPIN-code: 7930-2463

MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine), Associate Professor

Russian Federation, Saint Petersburg

Ksenia V. Kotova

Northern State Medical University

Email: kkkkkkkkssssssss@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0009-0006-3299-7409
Russian Federation, Arkhangelsk

Svetlana V. Klyuchareva

North-Western State Medical University named after I.I. Mechnikov

Author for correspondence.
Email: genasveta@rambler.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-0801-6181
SPIN-code: 9701-1400

MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine), Professor

Russian Federation, 47 Piskarevsky avenue, 195067 Saint Petersburg

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Supplementary files

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2. Fig. 1. Lymphohistiocytic infiltrates of the dermis (a) and sebaceous gland hyperplasia (b) in seborrhoeic alopecia. Haematoxylin-eosin staining, ×400.

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3. Fig. 2. Mucoid and fibrinoid swelling (a) and sclerosis (b) in seborrhoeic alopecia. Haematoxylin-eosin staining, ×400.

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4. Fig. 3. Sclerosis of the papillary dermis in seborrhoeic alopecia. Van-Gizon staining, ×400.

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5. Fig. 5. Structure of pathological changes of dermis in seborrheic dermatitis and seborrheic alopecia depending on bilirubin concentration, %.

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