Prevalence rate, clinical and epidemiological traits of acne and morphofunctional skin parameters of patients aged 18-25

Summary. Acne is one of the most common dermal diseases which 96% of people are suffered from. However, there aren’t any up-dated findings about disease incidence and clinical features of acne in different age groups specifically young adults. The pathogenesis of the disease hasn’t been searched completely.

AIMS: Evaluation of the prevalence rate, clinical and epidemiological traits of acne and morpho functional skin parameters of patients aged 18-25.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:  655 people aged 18-25 were examined for suggestive clinical findings of acne. The Multiskin Test CenterMC 1000 software and hardware complex (Courage + Khazakaelectronic GmbH, Germany) was used for examination of morpho-functional skin health of patients with severe acne. Microbiome was examined by bacteriologic culture technique on enriched medium with follow-up colony count (lg КОЕ/ml).

RESULTS: аn examination of 655 people aged 18-25 years revealed acne in 60.5%, the proportion of men among patients was 36.6%, women - 63.4%. Mild case of acne prevailed – 52.7% of the total number of patients; moderately severe condition was diagnosed in 33.3%, severe ones in 7.8% of cases. At the same time, mild and moderately severe conditions were common for women, and severe ones for men. Mild form of acne more often affects women and men aged 19 (28,4% and 29,3%) and 21 years old (30,6% and 28,0% respectively); moderate form at age 18 (21,7% and 20,0% respectively); at age 19 (36,8% and 34,0% respectively) and at 21 (women – 22,6%, men 24,0%); severe acne affects people aged 19 (54,5% and 30,0%) and 21 (27,3% and 20,0% respectively). In case of acne there are abnormalities of the morphofunctional state of the skin: anhydration, hyperactivity of the sebaceous glands, skin laxity, increased porosity and chromatosis. The skin microbiome of patients with acne changes characterized by an increase in the concentration of pathogenic germs (Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella, Enterobacter, Bacillus spp., Candida gem +) and a decrease of         opportunistic pathogenic microflora, which favour the development and spread of the inflammatory process.

CONCLUSIONS: An examination of 655 people aged 18-25 years revealed acne in 60.5%, the proportion of men among patients was 36.6%, and 63.4% of women. Progression of the acne was diverse and mild forms prevailed – 52.7% of the total number of patients; moderately severe conditions were diagnosed in 33.3%, severe in 7.8% of cases. In case of acne there are abnormalities of the morphofunctional state of the skin and microbiome changes with an increase in the concentration of pathogenic germs and a decrease of opportunistic pathogenic microflora.