Old world fruit bats (Pteropodidae, Chiroptera) from the pleistocene of Vietnam

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Abstract

Isolated teeth of a lesser short-nosed fruit bat Cynopterus brachyotis (Müller, 1838), a fulvous fruit bat Rousettus leschenaultii (Desmarest, 1820), and a dawn bat Eonycteris spelaea (Dobson, 1871) are described from the Middle Pleistocene Tham Hai cave locality in northern Vietnam (Lang Son Province). These are the first fossil findings of the Old World fruit bats in Vietnam. The Middle Pleistocene association of Pteropodidae from the Tham Hai locality may largely reflect the composition of species that roosted in local caves.

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About the authors

А. V. Lopatin

Borissiak Paleontological Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences

Author for correspondence.
Email: alopat@paleo.ru

Academician of the RAS

Russian Federation, Moscow

References

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Supplementary files

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2. Fig. 1. Terminology of the structural elements of the buccal teeth of the Pteropodidae on the example of premolars of Cynopterus brachyotis (Müller, 1838): a, b – left P4 (according to copies. PIN, No. 5826/571); c, d – left P3 (according to copies. PIN, No. 5826/573); a, c – from the occlusal side; b, d – from the lingual side. Designations: all – anterolingual protrusion; ar – anterior ridge; c – commissura (transverse ridge); lac – labial tubercle; lar – labial ridge; lic – lingual tubercle; lir – lingual ridge; mb – median basin (median depression); pbl – posterior basal protrusion; pr – posterior ridge.

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3. Fig. 2. Cynopterus brachyotis (Müller, 1838): a–g – ex. PIN, No. 5826/570, right P3: a – from the occlusal side, b – from the anterior side, c – from the labial side, d – from the lingual side; d–i – ex. PIN, No. 5826/571, left P4: d – from the occlusal side, e – from the occlusal side with a mesial slope, w – from the anterior side, z – from the labial side, i – from the lingual side; k–m – ex. PIN, No. 5826/572, left P1: k – from the occlusal side, l – from the labial side, m – from the lingual side; h–c – ex. PIN, No. 5826/573, left P3: h – from the occlusal side, o – from the occlusal side with a mesial slope, p – from the anterior side, p – from the labial side, c – from the lingual side; t – ex. PIN, No. 5826/574, left P3 from the occlusal side; y–x – ex. PIN, No. 5826/505, right M2: y – from the occlusal side, f – from the labial side, x – from the lingual side; Vietnam, Lang Son Province, Tam Hai cave; Middle Pleistocene.

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4. Fig. 3. Rousettus leschenaulti (Desmarest, 1820), ex. PIN, No. 5826/563, left C1: a – from the front, b – from the labial side, c – from the lingual side, d – from the back; Vietnam, Lang Son Province, Tam Hai cave; Middle Pleistocene.

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5. Fig. 4. Rousettus leschenaultii (Desmarest, 1820): a–b – ex. PIN, No. 5826/822, right P3: a – from the occlusal side, b – from the labial side, c – from the lingual side; d, e – ex. PIN, No. 5826/615, left P4: g – from the occlusal side, d – from the lingual side; e, f – ex. PIN, No. 5826/584, right M1: e – from the occlusal side, w – from the lingual side; h, i – ex. PIN, No. 5826/564, right P3: z – from the occlusal side, i – from the lingual side; k, l – ex. PIN, No. 5826/508, right P4: k – from the occlusal side, l – from the lingual side; m, n – ex. PIN, No. 5826/597, left M2: m – from the occlusal side, h – from the lingual side; o, p – ex. PIN, No. 5826/568, right M3: o – from the occlusal side, p – from the lingual side; Vietnam, Lang Son Province, Tam Hai Cave; Middle Pleistocene.

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6. Fig. 5. Eonycteris spelaea (Dobson, 1871): a, b – ex. PIN, No. 5826/593, right P3: a – from the occlusal side, b – from the lingual side; c–d – ex. PIN, No. 5826/577, right P4: b – from the occlusal side, g – from the labial side, d – from the lingual side; Vietnam, Lang Son Province, Tam Hai Cave; Middle Pleistocene.

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