Phase Separation of Chromatin Structure-related Biomolecules: A Driving Force for Epigenetic Regulations


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Abstract

Intracellularly, membrane-less organelles are formed by spontaneous fusion and fission of macro-molecules in a process called phase separation, which plays an essential role in cellular activities. In certain disease states, such as cancers and neurodegenerative diseases, aberrant phase separations take place and participate in disease progression. Chromatin structure-related proteins, based on their characteristics and upon external stimuli, phase separate to exert functions like genome assembly, transcription regulation, and signal transduction. Moreover, many chromatin structure-related proteins, such as histones, histone-modifying enzymes, DNA-modifying enzymes, and DNA methylation binding proteins, are involved in epigenetic regulations through phase separation. This review introduces phase separation and how phase separation affects epigenetics with a focus on chromatin structure-related molecules.

About the authors

Jiao Wang

Wuhan No.1 Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology

Email: info@benthamscience.net

Yuchen Chen

Tongji School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technolog

Author for correspondence.
Email: info@benthamscience.net

Zixuan Xiao

ISA Wenhua Wuhan High School, Wuhan Economics & Technological Development Zone

Email: info@benthamscience.net

Xikai Liu

Hubei Key Laboratory of Cell Homeostasis, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University

Email: info@benthamscience.net

Chengyu Liu

Wuhan No.1 Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology

Email: info@benthamscience.net

Kun Huang

Tongji School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology

Email: info@benthamscience.net

Hong Chen

Tongji School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology

Author for correspondence.
Email: info@benthamscience.net

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