Investigation of the Sorption of NdF3, LaF3 and ThF4 under Dynamic Conditions in the LiF–NaF–KF–Activated Carbon System

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Abstract

The sorption of neodymium, lanthanum, and thorium fluorides from a melt under dynamic conditions using AG-3 activated carbon at a temperature of 650°C was studied for the first time. The well-known eutectic mixture of alkali metal fluorides LiF–NaF–KF was used as the melt. To conduct the experiments, a special installation was developed and manufactured to study the sorption process under dynamic conditions as applied to melts. During the sorption of neodymium and lanthanum fluorides, three main zones are identified: the sorption front formation zone and the sorption and slip zones. It is shown that, under the conditions considered, it is possible to purify thorium fluoride to remove lanthanum fluoride. The maximum value of the sorption capacity for lanthanum fluoride reached more than 5 mg/g and depended on the melt flow rate through the activated carbon zone. Thorium fluoride was not sorbed with activated carbon under the studied conditions studied.

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About the authors

Yu. S. Fedorov

St. Petersburg State Institute of Technology (Technical University)

Author for correspondence.
Email: fys54@mail.ru
Russian Federation, Moskovskii pr. 26, St. Petersburg, 190013

V. V. Samonin

St. Petersburg State Institute of Technology (Technical University)

Email: fys54@mail.ru
Russian Federation, Moskovskii pr. 26, St. Petersburg, 190013

A. S. Zotov

St. Petersburg State Institute of Technology (Technical University)

Email: fys54@mail.ru
Russian Federation, Moskovskii pr. 26, St. Petersburg, 190013

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2. Fig. 1. - Schematic diagram of the installation for the dynamics of sorption in the melt of salt fluorides. 1 - steel outer casing, 2 - lower reactor cover, 3 - graphite flask, 4 - lower die, 5 - upper die, 6 - melt container, 7 - thermocouple shell, 8 - inert gas supply tap, 9 - air evacuation tap, 10 - melt, 11 - sorbent, 12 - heater.

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3. Fig. 2. Output curve of neodymium fluoride from the melt after its passage through active carbon. The height of the charcoal layer is 10 cm. The dotted curve is the initial concentration of neodymium fluoride (2.1 mg/g) in the LiF-NaF-KF eutectic. Here and further in the figure min without a point

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4. Fig. 3. Output curve of lanthanum fluoride from the melt during sorption on active carbon. The dotted curve is the initial concentration of lanthanum fluoride (3.2 mg/g) in LiF-NaF-KF eutectic. The height of the charcoal layer is 8.0 cm.

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5. Fig. 4 - Extraction rate of lanthanum fluoride by activated carbon during sorption under dynamic conditions for a carbon layer height of 10 cm.

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6. Fig. 5. Output sorption curves of lanthanum and thorium fluorides. Dotted curve - initial concentration of lanthanum and thorium fluorides in LiF-NaF-KF eutectic. Initial concentrations of lanthanum fluoride, mg/g: 1 - 5.1 (experiment 4 in Table 1), 2 - 5.0 (experiment 6 in Table 1). Initial concentrations of thorium fluoride, mg/g: 3 - 8.0 (experiment 4 in Table 1), 4 - 8.1 (experiment 6 in Table 1.) A-F: see text for explanation.

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7. Fig. 6. Dependence of pre-slip sorption capacity on FLiNaK flow rate.

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