Peculiarities of the factor structure of physical working capacity in boys and girls aged of 9-10 years

Cover Page

Cite item

Full Text

Abstract

The study included children referred by their state of health to the main medical group (n=91). The average age of boys amounted to 9.6±0.05 years, and of girls — 9.5±0.05 years. The set of methods suitable for the study of school-aged children’s physical working capability at the wide range of accessible tensions was studied. The arrangement of the study met demands of Helsinki declaration. During the study 5 main factors determining physical working capacity structure in 9-10 aged children under the vast range of accessible tensions were found out. All the children were certainly health, went in for physical exercises according to commonly accepted program and did not attend sport sections. In the work there was used the complex of methods suitable for the study of the physical performance of schoolchildren in the large range of available loads. During the study there were selected 5 main factors determining the structure of the physical performance of children aged of 9-1-0 years. It is shown that boys’ and girls’ against background of the preservation of the common structure of the performance contributions of considered factors to the summarized dispersion of the sample, and physiological indices included in to the pattern of specific factors and their weight coefficients are distributed in various ways. Boys aged of 9-10 years were established to exceed girls by physical working capacity in all ranges of available loads. Meanwhile the greatest number of significant differences was identified concerning the variables characterizing working capacity in the moderate and high power relating with mainly aerobic and mixed aerobic-anaerobic power supply of muscular activity. Indices of aerobic capacity are characterized with the most differential “sensibility” in comparison with other energy criteria of the working capacity. The results of the study can be used in the solution of practical tasks according to hygienic rating and control of the value of physical loads of different relative power during the process of physical education of children aged of 9-10 years.

About the authors

Igor A. Krivolapchuk

Institute of Developmental Physiology

Author for correspondence.
Email: i.krivolapchuk@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0001-8628-6924

MD, PhD, DSci. Biol., Head of the laboratory of Physiology of muscle activity and physical education, Institute of Developmental Physiology , Moscow, 119121, Russian Federation.

e-mail: i.krivolapchuk@mail.ru

Russian Federation

V. V. Myshyakov

Yanka Kupala State University of Grodno

Email: noemail@neicon.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-1555-4853
Russian Federation

References

  1. Dalbokova D., Krzyzanowski M., Lloyd S., eds. Children’s Health and the Environment in Europe: a Baseline Assessment. Copenhagen: World Health Organization Regional Office for Europe; 2007.
  2. Sukharev A.G. Formation of adaptable possibilities of an organism of children and adolescents. Vestnik Rossiyskoy Akademii meditsinskikh nauk. 2008; (8): 15–8. (in Russian)
  3. Bezrukikh M.M., Farber D.A., eds. The Physiology of a Child’s Development: on Age Physiology Guide [Fiziologiya razvitiya rebenka: Rukovodstvo po vozrastnoy fiziologii]. Moscow: Moskovskiy psikhologo-sotsial’nyy institut; 2010. (in Russian)
  4. WHO. Global Recommendations on Physical activity for Health. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2010.
  5. Boddy L.M., Hasckett A.F., Stratton G. Changes in fitness, body mass index and obesity in 9–10 year olds. J. Hum. Nutr. Diet. 2010; 23 (3): 254–9.
  6. Baranov A.A., Kuchma V.R., Skoblina N.A., Milushkina O.Yu., Bokareva N.A. Main regularities of morphofunctional development of children and adolescents in modern conditions. Vestnik Rossiyskoy akademii meditsinskikh nauk. 2012; (12): 35–40. (in Russian)
  7. Kuchma V.R., Milushkina O.Yu., Bokareva N.A., Detkov V.Yu., Fedotov D.M. Hygienic assessment of the impact of environmental factors on the functional performance of schoolchildren. Gigiena i sanitariya. 2013; 92 (5): 91–4. (in Russian)
  8. Sukharev A.G. Health and Physical Education of Children and Adolescents [Zdorov’e i fizicheskoe vospitanie detey i podrostkov]. Moscow: Meditsina; 1991. (in Russian)
  9. Son’kin V.D., Tambovtseva R.V. Development of Muscle Power and Performance in Ontogenesis [Razvitie myshechnoy energetiki i rabotosposobnosti v ontogeneze]. Moscow: LIBROKOM; 2011. (in Russian)
  10. Volkov N.I., Osipenko A.A., Nesen E.N., Korsun S.N. Biochemistry of Muscle Activity [Biokhimiya myshechnoy deyatel’nosti]. Kiev: Olimpiyskaya literature; 2000. (in Russian)
  11. Armstrong N., Barker A.R., McManus A.M. Muscle metabolism changes with age and maturation: How do they relate to youth sport performance? Br. J. Sports Med. 2015; 49 (13): 860–4.
  12. Inbar O., Bar-Or O. Anaerobic characteristics in male children and adolescents. Med. Sci. Sports Exerc. 1986; 18 (3): 264–9.
  13. Kornienko I.A., Son’kin V.D., Tambovtseva R.V. Age-energy development of muscular activity: results of a 30-year study. Part I. Structural and functional changes. Fiziologiya cheloveka. 2005; 31 (4): 42–7. (in Russian)
  14. Leclair E., Borel B., Thevenet D., Baquet G., Mucci P., Berthoin S. Assessment of child-specific aerobic fitness and anaerobic capacity by the use of the power-time relationships constants. Pediatr. Exerc. Sci. 2010; 22 (3): 454–66.
  15. Tonson A., Ratel S., Le Fur Y., Vilmen C., Cozzone P.J., Bendahan D. Muscle energetics changes throughout maturation: a quantitative 31P-MRS analysis. J. Appl. Physiol. 2010; 109 (6): 1769–78.
  16. Tikhvinskiy S.B., Khrushchev S.V., ed. Pediatric Sports Medicine: Guide for Doctors [Detskaya sportivnaya meditsina Rukovodstvo dlya vrachey]. Moscow: Meditsina; 1991. (in Russian)
  17. Mandigout S., Lecoq A.M., Courteix D., Guenon P., Obert P. Effect of gender in response to an aerobic training programme in prepubertal children. Acta Paediatr. 2001; 90 (1): 9–15.
  18. McMurray R.G., Harrell J.S., Bradley C.B., Deng S., Bangdiwala S.I. Gender and ethnic changes in physical work capacity from childhood through adolescence. Res. Q. Exerc. Sport. 2003; 74 (2): 143–52.
  19. Butterfield S.A., Lehnhard R.A., Mason C.A., McCormik R. Aerobic performance by children in grades 4 to 8: a repeated-measures study. Perctpt. Mot. Skills. 2008; 107 (3): 775–90.
  20. Roberts S.J., Boddy L.M., Fairclough S.J., Stratton G. The influence of relative age effects on the cardiorespiratory fitness levels of children age 9 to 10 and 11 to 12 years of age. Pediatr. Exerc. Sci. 2012; 24 (1): 72–83.
  21. Doré E., Bedu M., França N.M., Van Paagh E. Anaerobic cycling performance characteristics in prepubescent, adolescent and young adult females. Eur. J. Appl. Physiol. 2001; 84 (5): 476–81.
  22. Tomkinson G.R. Global changes in anaerobic fitness test performance of children and adolescents (1958–2003). Scand. J. Med. Sci. Sports. 2007; 17 (5): 497–507.
  23. Douma-van Riet D., Verschuren O., Jelsma D., Kruitwagen C., Smits-Engelsman B., Takken T. Reference values for the muscle power sprint test in 6- to 12-year-old children. Pediatr. Phys. Ther. 2012; 24 (4): 327–32.
  24. Riner W.F., McCarthy M., DeCillis, L., Ward D.S. Relationship of anaerobic to aerobic function in children and adolescents. Med. Sci. Sports Exerc. 1997; 29 (5): 1528–34.
  25. Andreacci J.L., Haile L., Dixon C. Influence of testing sequence on a child’s ability to achieve maximal anaerobic and aerobic power. Int. J. Sports. Med. 2007; 28 (8): 673–7.
  26. Krivolapchuk I.A., Chernova M.B., Polyanskaya N.V. Factorial structure of physical performance in children aged of 7–8 years. Gigiena i sanitariya. 2016; 95 (7): 636–42. (in Russian)
  27. Janssen I., Leblanc A. Systematic Review of the Health Benefits of Physical Activity in School-Aged Children and Youth. Int. J. Behav. Nutr. Phys. Act. 2010; 7 (40): 1–16.
  28. Gole K., Muehlbauer T., Wick D., Granacher U. Physical Fitness Percentiles of German Children Aged 9–12 Years: Findings from a Longitudinal Study. PLoS One. 2015; 10 (11): 1–17.
  29. Nyberg G.A., Nordenfeld A.M., Ekelund U., Marcus C. Physical activity patterns measured by accelerometry in 6- to 10-yr-old children. Med. Sci. Sports. Exerc. 2009; 41 (10): 1842–8.
  30. Chillón P., Ortega F.B., Ruiz J.R., Veidebaum T., Oja L., Mäestu J. et al. Active commuting to school in children and adolescents: an opportunity to increase physical activity andfitness. Scand. J. Public Health. 2010; 38 (8): 873–9.

Supplementary files

Supplementary Files
Action
1. JATS XML
Download

Copyright (c) 2024 Krivolapchuk I.A., Myshyakov V.V.


СМИ зарегистрировано Федеральной службой по надзору в сфере связи, информационных технологий и массовых коммуникаций (Роскомнадзор).
Регистрационный номер и дата принятия решения о регистрации СМИ: серия ПИ № ФС 77 - 37884 от 02.10.2009.