Assessment of the relationship of exacerbations of diseases of the cardiovascular system with the meteorological situation

Introduction. The impact of weather factors on the occurrence of exacerbations of diseases in meteodependent people is currently one of the actively studied problems of medicine.

The aim of the study was to identify the relationship between exacerbations of diseases of the cardiovascular system with the meteorological situation to substantiate the need for preventive and informational work with meteodependent patients.

Material and research methods. The study used daily data on the number of patients with cardiovascular diseases seeking medical care at Voronezh City Polyclinic No. 18 and daily information on weather conditions for 2018. The ratio of the average number of cases of medical assistance requests on days unfavourable for meteorological factors to the average number of cases of medical assistance requests per day during the year was calculated. Using software (Statistica Base V6.1), a correlation analysis of the relationship between the number of medical requests and meteorological factors was carried out.

Results. It has been established that the appealability of patients with cardiovascular diseases for medical care on days unfavourable for meteorological factors is 1.1–2.0 times higher than the average annual indicator. The most informative characteristic of the six meteorological indicators taken into account in the study (average daily, minimum, maximum ambient air temperature; temperature drops by more than eight °C per day; atmospheric pressure; atmospheric pressure drops by 12 mm Hg per day or more) is a sharp drop in atmospheric pressure during the day, with which statistically significant (p < 0.05) correlates the number of cases of patients with cardiovascular diseases seeking medical help.

Conclusion. In medical institutions providing primary health care, it is advisable to single out separate groups of patients with meteorological dependence for dynamic observation and conduct information work with them to mitigate the severity of the course of diseases of the cardiovascular system on days unfavourable according to meteorological indicators.

Contribution:

Kolyagina N.M. — the concept and design of the study, collected primary information, summary of results, conclusions;

Berezhnova T.A. — general management of the study, consulting in the process of implementation;

Mamchik N.P. — writing a text;

Klepikov O.V., Yeprintsev S.A. — preparation of databases of indicators, statistical processing of material.

All authors are responsible for the integrity of all parts of the manuscript and approval of the manuscript final version.

Conflict of interest. The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Acknowledgement. The authors express their gratitude to Alexander Ivanovich Sushkov, Head of the Voronezh Center for Hydrometeorology and Environmental Monitoring, a branch of the Federal State Budgetary Institution "Central Chernozem Department for Hydrometeorology and Environmental Monitoring", for providing data on daily meteorological indicators for 2018 on the territory of the city of Voronezh free of charge.

Data analysis was carried out with the financial support of the Russian Foundation for Basic Research grant (project No. 19-05-00660 A “Development of a model for optimizing social and environmental conditions for the population of large cities”). 

Received: June 17, 2021 / Accepted: November 25, 2021 / Published: December 30, 2021