Structural-phase transformations and crystallographic texture in commercial Ti–6Al–4V alloy with globular morphology of α-phase grains: the rolling plane

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Abstract

The commercial Ti–6Al–4V alloy was obtained in an almost single-phase state, formed by finely dispersed globular α-grains with an average size of 12 μm, using thermomechanical processing, including hot rolling. The microtexture and structure of the alloy were studied using X-ray diffractometry and transmission and scanning electron microscopy, including orientation microscopy. It is found that for α-grains the Burgers orientation relationships are satisfied, and twin orientations are ensured in the rolling plane. A significant scattering of the crystallographic orientations of α-grains relative to each other (up to 10°–15°) is established for each group of close Burgers orientations as a result of plastic deformation by rolling at high temperatures. Clusters of microtexture regions in the layered microstructure of grains and the formation mechanisms and mutual crystallographic misorientations of microtexture regions and grains in the alloy have been identified.

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About the authors

V. G. Pushin

Mikheev Institute of Metal Physics, Ural Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences; Institute of Continuous Media Mechanics, Ural Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences

Author for correspondence.
Email: pushin@imp.uran.ru
Russian Federation, Ekaterinburg, 620108; Perm’, 614013

D. Y. Rasposienko

Mikheev Institute of Metal Physics, Ural Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences

Email: pushin@imp.uran.ru
Russian Federation, Ekaterinburg, 620108

Yu. N. Gornostyrev

Mikheev Institute of Metal Physics, Ural Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences; Institute of Continuous Media Mechanics, Ural Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences

Email: pushin@imp.uran.ru
Russian Federation, Ekaterinburg, 620108; Perm’, 614013

N. N. Kuranova

Mikheev Institute of Metal Physics, Ural Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences

Email: pushin@imp.uran.ru
Russian Federation, Ekaterinburg, 620108

V. V. Makarov

Mikheev Institute of Metal Physics, Ural Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences

Email: pushin@imp.uran.ru
Russian Federation, Ekaterinburg, 620108

E. B. Marchenkova

Mikheev Institute of Metal Physics, Ural Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences

Email: pushin@imp.uran.ru
Russian Federation, Ekaterinburg, 620108

A. E. Svirid

Mikheev Institute of Metal Physics, Ural Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences

Email: pushin@imp.uran.ru
Russian Federation, Ekaterinburg, 620108

O. B. Naimark

Institute of Continuous Media Mechanics, Ural Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences

Email: pushin@imp.uran.ru
Russian Federation, Perm’, 614013

A. N. Balakhnin

Institute of Continuous Media Mechanics, Ural Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences

Email: pushin@imp.uran.ru
Russian Federation, Perm’, 614013

V. A. Oborin

Institute of Continuous Media Mechanics, Ural Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences

Email: pushin@imp.uran.ru
Russian Federation, Perm’, 614013

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Supplementary files

Supplementary Files
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2. Fig. 1. X-ray diffraction pattern obtained in the rolling plane (ND) of the original Ti–6Al–4V alloy plate.

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3. Fig. 2. SEM SE images of the structure (a, b) for two different regions in the longitudinal rolling plane and the corresponding histograms of the a-grain size distribution (c, d) in the original Ti–6Al–4V alloy plate.

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4. Fig. 3. SEM image of the alloy structure (a), maps of the distribution of chemical elements (b – Al, c – Ti, d – V), characteristic spectra (d) and an example of a table of chemical composition (e) obtained by the EDS method in characteristic radiation. Arrows indicate flat twin boundaries of a-grains.

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5. Fig. 4. SEM images (a, b) and bright-field (c) TEM image of the structure of Ti–6Al–4V alloy in the original plate. Arrows indicate flat twin boundaries of a-grains.

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6. Fig. 5. DES maps in Euler angles (a, b), color scale of Euler angles (in the inset to Fig. a) and Rodriguez–Frank color diagram of the rotations of a-crystallites depending on the Euler angles (c) in the rolling plane of the initial plate of Ti–6Al–4V alloy (a) and the cross-section of the head of the sample after the MCU tests of the initial plate of Ti–6Al–4V alloy (b). Color figure online.

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7. Fig. 6. DES map in OPF colors (a), its enlarged fragments with the designation of the orientation of the unit cell of the a-phase (b, c) and the standard stereographic triangle of OPF (d) of the hcp a-phase with color coding by the main crystallographic directions. The images were obtained from the rolling plane of the original plate of the Ti–6Al–4V alloy. Color figure online.

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8. Fig. 7. EBSD map of the a-grain size distribution (a) and its enlarged fragments (b–d) with color coding of grain boundary misorientation (bottom left) and grain size (bottom right), as well as crystallographic orientation in the form of projections of the a-phase unit cell. The map was obtained from the rolling plane of the original Ti–6Al–4V alloy plate.

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9. Fig. 8. Integral DORE map (a) and the corresponding PPF (d), as well as DORE maps (b, c) corresponding to the poles highlighted in red on the PPF (d, e), obtained from the rolling plane of the original plate of Ti–6Al–4V alloy.

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10. Fig. 9. Typical triangles of the rolling surface in three projections (X||RD, Y||TD, Z||ND) for the rolling plane ND of the original plate of the Ti–6Al–4V alloy.

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11. Fig. 10. Experimental (a) and calculated (b) histograms of the distribution of the angle of misorientation of a-crystals in the rolling plane of a Ti–6Al–4V alloy plate. The thick solid line corresponds to the total Guass function, consisting of the Gauss functions for the Burgers o.s. (solid thin lines) and for twin orientations (dashed lines).

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