Broad-leaved-korean pine fern-sedge-chlorantus forest communities in Sikhote-Alin

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Abstract

The distribution and natural course of post-fire development of communities of broad-leaved-Korean pine liana-shrub fern-sedge-chloranthus forests occupying small areas on the territory of the Southern and Middle Sikhote-Alin was analyzed. The populations of wild rare and unique species Panax ginseng were found in communities of this forest type on the Ussuri Ararat Ridge. The ginseng plants occurred in 10 forest communities of this type of 23 ones surveyed in this territory, in number from 1 to 31 plants on an area of 0.25 hectares. The basins of 5 brooks, where the forest communities of the studied type grew, formed the basis for establishment of a ginseng reserve. However, the project to preserve the biodiversity of the unique forest territories of Sikhote-Alin and the creation of a ginseng reserve in the basins of 5 brooks was not approved and intense timber harvesting was carried out in the forests on this territory. Due to uniqueness and rare occurrence of broad-leaved-Korean pine fern-sedge-chloranthus forests, this article is devoted to the distribution and characterization of the composition, structure and dynamics of communities during reforestation successions. The dynamics of taxation indicators of stands and coenotic significance in woody species, as well as the nature of changes in species composition, plant abundance and the mass of aboveground parts in shrubs, woody lianas and herbaceous plants at different stages of reforestation successions after fires are considered. An ecological group of species associated in their distribution with Panax ginseng plants has been established, for which the distribution limits by three leading environmental factors are indicated.

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About the authors

T. A. Komarova

Federal Scientific Center for Biodiversity of Terrestrial Biota of East Asia, Far Eastern Branch of RAS

Author for correspondence.
Email: mata41@mail.ru
Russian Federation, 100-letiya Vladivostoka Ave., 159, Vladivostok, Primorsky Krai, 690022

N. V. Terekhina

St. Petersburg State University

Email: n.terehina@spbu.ru

Institute of Earth Sciences

Russian Federation, 10th Line of Vasilievsky Island, 33/35, St. Petersburg, 199178

S. G. Glushko

Kazan State Agrarian University

Email: glushkosg@mail.ru
Russian Federation, K. Marks Str., 65, Kazan, 420015

N. B. Prokhorenko

Kazansky (Volga) Federal University

Email: nbprokhorenko@mail.ru
Russian Federation, Kremlevskaya Str., 18, Kazan, 420008

References

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2. Fig. 1. Indicators of the dominance index and polynominal trend lines for coenopopulations of main tree species at different stages of post-fire succession. On the abscissa axis – the number of years after the fire, on the ordinate axis – the values of the dominance index.

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3. Fig. 2. Changes in the number of skeletal axes (а) and the mass of aboveground parts (б) in cenopopulations of shrubs and woody vine at different stages of post-fire successions. On the ordinate axis: а – is the number of skeletal axes, ex/ha; б – aboveground dry phytomass, kg/ha. On the abscissa axis – years after the fire.

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4. Fig. 3. Changes in the mass of aboveground parts in coenopopulations of five species of herbaceous plants during post-fire successions. On the abscissa axis – years after the fire. On the ordinate axis – the mass of aboveground parts, kg/ha abs. dry. substances.

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5. Fig. 4. Changes in abundance in six species of herbaceous plants depending on moisture content, active richness of the soil and the temperature regime of habitats. The abscissa shows the gradients of moisture (а), active soil richness (б), and temperature regime (в) of habitats, the ordinate axis – the projective abundance according: s – single, p – little, n – moderate, c – abundant.

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