Gynodioecy of Thymus pannonicus (Lamiaceae) in the Altai Territory

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Abstract

The research of gynodioecy of Thymus pannonicus All. was conducted in 5 populations (CPs) in steppe and meadow-steppe communities of the Altai Territory. Statistically significant differences between bisexual and pistillate flowers in the length of lower stamens or staminodes and their anthers ( p < 0.05) were revealed in the population CP1. The range of staminode length in pistillate flowers is 0.1–1.2 mm; the range of stamen length in bisexual flowers is 1.5–2.0 mm; the range of anthers length was 0.00–0.35 mm and 0.39–0.41 mm, respectively, for pistillate and bisexual flowers. 11% of females in the sample develop exclusively flowers with small (0.1–0.3 mm long) staminodes without anthers. A high coefficient of variation of staminode parameters in the females was detected: 44.2 and 42.7% (for staminodes and anthers, respectively), and a low coefficient of variation of stamen parameters in hermaphrodites: 7.8 and 3.1% (for stamens and anthers, respectively). A high frequency of androecium developmental disorders may indicate the instability of the genome of T. pannonicus . The females were found to make a prevailing majority in all 5 studied coenopopulations of the Altai Territory: 69–90% of all generative individuals. In general, T. pannonicus is characterized by a high frequency of females in steppe and forest-steppe habitats in both the European and Asian parts of the species range: 38–90%.

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N. I. Gordeeva

Central Siberian Botanical Garden, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences

Author for correspondence.
Email: nataly.gordeeva@gmail.com
Russian Federation, Zolotodolinskaya Str., 101, Novosibirsk, 630090

E. K. Komarevceva

Central Siberian Botanical Garden, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences

Email: elizavetakomarevceva@yandex.ru
Russian Federation, Zolotodolinskaya Str., 101, Novosibirsk, 630090

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2. Fig. 1. Distribution of individuals of Thymus pannonicus according to the length of staminodes and stamens. Vertical axis – number of individuals, pcs; horizontal axis – length of lower staminodes or stamens, mm. a – females; b – hermaphrodites.

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