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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Russian Journal of Skin and Venereal Diseases</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Russian Journal of Skin and Venereal Diseases</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Российский журнал кожных и венерических болезней</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">1560-9588</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2412-9097</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">702085</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17816/dv702085</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="edn">HMWOJV</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>DERMATOLOGY</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ДЕРМАТОЛОГИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Evaluation of the cosmetic efficacy of salmon tissue-derived exosomes and platelet-rich plasma therapy in patients with androgenetic alopecia: a randomized controlled clinical trial</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Оценка косметической эффективности применения экзосом из тканей лосося и плазмотерапии у пациентов с андрогенной алопецией: рандомизированное контролируемое клиническое исследование</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0008-1143-7669</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Karray</surname><given-names>Karim</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Каррай</surname><given-names>Карим</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>karimkarray49@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2482-1754</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">2500-7989</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Olisova</surname><given-names>Olga Yu.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Олисова</surname><given-names>Ольга Юрьевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine), Professor, Corresponding member of the Russian Academy of Sciences</p>
<p> </p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р мед. наук, профессор, чл.-корр. РАН</p>
<p> </p></bio><email>olisovaolga@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7759-5378</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">1953-6595</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Smolyannikova</surname><given-names>Vera A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Смольянникова</surname><given-names>Вера Анатольевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine), Professor</p>
<p> </p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р мед. наук, профессор</p>
<p> </p></bio><email>smva@bk.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4365-3090</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">3261-3520</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Lepekhova</surname><given-names>Anfisa A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лепехова</surname><given-names>Анфиса Александровна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Cand. Sci. (Medicine), Assistant Professor</p>
<p> </p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. мед. наук, доцент</p>
<p> </p></bio><email>anfisa.lepehova@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">The First Sechenov Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University)</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет имени И.М. Сеченова (Сеченовский Университет)</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="zh"></institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">The First Sechenov Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University)</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет имени И.М. Сеченова (Сеченовский Университет)</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="preprint" iso-8601-date="2026-05-28" publication-format="electronic"><day>28</day><month>05</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2026-07-03" publication-format="electronic"><day>03</day><month>07</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>29</volume><issue>3</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>323</fpage><lpage>334</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2026-02-02"><day>02</day><month>02</month><year>2026</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2026-03-15"><day>15</day><month>03</month><year>2026</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2026, Eco-Vector</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2026, Эко-Вектор</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Эко-Вектор</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" start_date="2029-07-03"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://eco-vector.com/for_authors.php#07</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://rjsvd.com/1560-9588/article/view/702085">https://rjsvd.com/1560-9588/article/view/702085</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><bold>BACKGROUND:<italic> </italic></bold>Androgenetic alopecia is a chronic progressive disorder characterized by follicular miniaturization, perifollicular fibrosis, and microcirculatory impairment. Conventional therapies (minoxidil, finasteride) have limited efficacy and are associated with adverse effects. In recent years, regenerative approaches—platelet-rich plasma (PRP), exosomes, microneedling with growth factors, and others—have been widely used; however, direct comparative data on their cosmetic effectiveness and pathogenetic rationale (including terminal/vellus hair ratio, anagen proportion, and tolerability) remain extremely limited.</p> <p><bold>AIM:</bold> To conduct a comparative evaluation of the visible cosmetic effect and pathogenetic rationale of salmon tissue-derived exosomes and PRP in patients with mild-to-moderate androgenetic alopecia.</p> <p><bold>METHODS:</bold> A two-arm, randomized, controlled clinical trial involved 40 participants (14 men with Norwood–Hamilton stages III–IV and 6 women with Ludwig stages I–II per group). Patients in group 1 (<italic>n</italic>=20) received four exosome sessions every 14 days; those in group 2 (<italic>n</italic>=20) received five PRP sessions at the same interval. Assessments were performed before treatment and 12 weeks after the last procedure using phototrichography (ARAMO SG, TrichoScan v.4.5) and included hair density, percentage of vellus hairs, terminal/vellus (T/v) ratio, anagen proportion, mean hair diameter, and anisotrichosis. Adverse events were recorded at each visit.</p> <p><bold>RESULTS:</bold> Hair density increased by 44.4±7.8 hairs/cm² in the exosome group and by 26.3±6.5 hairs/cm² in the PRP group (difference of 18.1 hairs/cm²; <italic>p</italic> &lt; 0.001). Vellus hair proportion decreased by 37.0% vs 21.2% (<italic>p</italic>=0.003); the T/v ratio increased from 2.4 to 9.7 vs 4.8 (<italic>p</italic>=0.001); anagen proportion increased by 36.4% vs 23.4% (<italic>p</italic>=0.002); mean hair diameter increased by 22.4 μm vs 12.4 μm (<italic>p</italic> &lt; 0.001), respectively. Transient local reactions were less common in the exosome group (40% vs 70%; <italic>p</italic>=0.028). No serious adverse events were reported with either treatment.</p> <p><bold>CONCLUSION:</bold> Salmon tissue-derived exosomes demonstrated significant advantages over PRP therapy across the majority of the evaluated parameters (including the terminal/vellus hair ratio, anagen proportion, and tolerability), even with fewer sessions. These results suggest that exosomes may have a more profound impact on mechanisms involved in terminal hair miniaturization and the hair growth cycle.</p> <p> </p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Обоснование. </bold>Андрогенная алопеция ― хроническое, генетически детерминированное прогрессирующее заболевание, сопровождающееся миниатюризацией волосяных фолликулов, снижением доли терминальных волос и нарушением волосяного цикла. Стандартная терапия (миноксидил, финастерид) обладает ограниченной эффективностью и побочными эффектами. В последние годы широкое применение находят регенеративные методы, к которым относятся плазмотерапия (PRP), экзосомы, микронидлинг с факторами роста и другие, однако прямые сравнительные данные по их косметическому эффекту и патогенетической обоснованности (включая соотношение терминальных/веллусных волос, долю анагена, переносимость) остаются крайне скудными.</p> <p><bold>Цель исследования</bold> ― провести сравнительную оценку видимого косметического эффекта и патогенетической обоснованности применения экзосом, полученных из тканей лосося, и PRP у пациентов с андрогенетической алопецией лёгкой и средней степени тяжести.</p> <p><bold>Методы.</bold> Рандомизированное контролируемое двухгрупповое клиническое исследование с участием 40 пациентов (по 14 мужчин с III–IV стадией по шкале облысения Норвуда–Гамильтона и 6 женщин с I–II стадией по шкале женского облысения Людвига в каждой группе). Пациенты группы 1 (<italic>n</italic>=20) получали курс экзосом (4 сеанса с интервалом 14 дней), в группе 2 (<italic>n</italic>=20) ― PRP-терапию (5 сеансов с тем же интервалом). Оценка, проводимая до и через 12 недель после последней процедуры с помощью фототрихограммы (ARAMO SG, TrichoScan v. 4.5), включала плотность волос, процент пушковых волос, соотношение терминальных/веллусных волос (T/v), долю анагена, средний диаметр волоса, анизотрихоз. Нежелательные явления регистрировались на каждом визите.</p> <p><bold>Результаты.</bold> Прирост плотности волос составил 44,4±7,8 в группе экзосом и 26,3±6,5 в группе PRP (разница 18,1 волоса/см²; <italic>p</italic> &lt; 0,001). Доля пушковых волос снизилась на 15,0% и 8,7% (<italic>p</italic>=0,003); T/v-соотношение выросло до 9,7 и 4,8 (<italic>p</italic>=0,001), доля анагена увеличилась на 36,4% и 23,4% (<italic>p</italic>=0,002); средний диаметр волоса увеличился на 22,4 мкм и 12,4 мкм (<italic>p</italic> &lt; 0,001) соответственно. Частота транзиторных местных реакций была ниже в группе экзосом (40% против 70%; <italic>p</italic>=0,028). Серьёзных нежелательных явлений при обоих видах терапии не зарегистрировано.</p> <p><bold>Заключение.</bold> Экзосомы из тканей лосося продемонстрировали статистически значимые преимущества по сравнению с PRP-терапией по большинству оцениваемых параметров даже при меньшем числе сеансов. Полученные результаты указывают на потенциально более глубокое воздействие экзосом на механизмы, связанные с миниатюризацией терминальных волос и циклом их роста.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>androgenetic alopecia</kwd><kwd>exosomes</kwd><kwd>platelet-rich plasma</kwd><kwd>PRP</kwd><kwd>hair miniaturization</kwd><kwd>terminal/vellus ratio</kwd><kwd>anagen phase</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>андрогенная алопеция</kwd><kwd>экзосомы</kwd><kwd>плазмотерапия</kwd><kwd>PRP</kwd><kwd>миниатюризация</kwd><kwd>T/v-соотношение</kwd><kwd>анаген</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><award-group><funding-source><institution-wrap><institution xml:lang="ru">ООО «Система плюс»</institution></institution-wrap></funding-source><award-id>Договор пожертвования №15-х от 25 февраля 2025 г</award-id></award-group></funding-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Chen S, Li L, Ding W, et al. 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