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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="review-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Russian Journal of Skin and Venereal Diseases</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Russian Journal of Skin and Venereal Diseases</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Российский журнал кожных и венерических болезней</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">1560-9588</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2412-9097</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">678580</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17816/dv678580</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="edn">PEVXZY</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>DERMATOLOGY</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ДЕРМАТОЛОГИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Review Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Circadian rhythms and atopic dermatitis</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Циркадные ритмы и атопический дерматит</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8688-7578</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">5548-5359</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Albanova</surname><given-names>Vera I.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Альбанова</surname><given-names>Вера Игоревна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine), Professor</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р мед. наук, профессор</p></bio><email>albanova.v@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3034-0148</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">7268-6944</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Petrova</surname><given-names>Stanislava Yu.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Петрова</surname><given-names>Станислава Юрьевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Cand. Sci. (Medicine)</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. мед. наук</p></bio><email>petrovastanislava@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Moscow Regional Research and Clinical Institute</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Московский областной научно-исследовательский клинический институт имени М.Ф. Владимирского</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">I. Mechnikov Research Institute of Vaccines and Sera</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Научно-исследовательский институт вакцин и сывороток имени И.И. Мечникова</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff3"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Joint-stock company Pharmaceutical enterprise "Retinoids"</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Фармацевтическое научно-производственное предприятие «Ретиноиды»</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="preprint" iso-8601-date="2025-09-22" publication-format="electronic"><day>22</day><month>09</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2025-11-01" publication-format="electronic"><day>01</day><month>11</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>28</volume><issue>4</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>489</fpage><lpage>497</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2025-04-15"><day>15</day><month>04</month><year>2025</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2025-08-02"><day>02</day><month>08</month><year>2025</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2025, Eco-Vector</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2025, Эко-Вектор</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Эко-Вектор</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" start_date="2028-11-01"/></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://rjsvd.com/1560-9588/article/view/678580">https://rjsvd.com/1560-9588/article/view/678580</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The circadian rhythm is a 24-hour periodic cycle determined by the Earth’s rotation that modulates the behavior, physiology, and metabolism of all living organisms on our planet. The system that controls the circadian rhythm is known as the circadian clock. The mechanism of the circadian clock plays a crucial role in organismal development and functioning. For a long time, circadian clocks operated normally, being dependent on the alternation of light and darkness; however, lifestyle changes (artificial lighting, electronic devices, mobile phones, television, long-distance flights, etc.) have profoundly affected circadian rhythms. The resulting disruptions have led to health problems considered significant in the development of a number of diseases (malignant tumors, cardiovascular diseases, metabolic disorders, obesity, immune dysfunction).</p> <p>In the skin, circadian rhythms are reflected in daily changes in transepidermal water loss, permeability and microcirculatory function, pruritus intensity, sleep–wake cycle, and the activity of the innate and adaptive immune systems. At the cellular level, the circadian rhythm regulates the mitotic cell cycle, keratinocyte differentiation timing, and many other processes. In atopic dermatitis, a vicious cycle exists: pruritus worsens sleep quality, leading to chronic stress, thereby disrupting the sleep–wake circadian rhythm; in turn, sleep deprivation, poor sleep quality, and chronic stress aggravate pruritus. These processes trigger exacerbations of atopic dermatitis, in which both pruritus and poor sleep quality intensify, significantly impairing the rhythmic functioning of the whole body and the skin in particular.</p> <p>Recognizing the importance of circadian skin functions and the consequences of their disruption allows physicians to optimize therapy and maximize efficacy of prescribed treatment. Many topical agents may provide greater benefit if circadian rhythms are taken into account, whereas lower doses or less potent formulations could be sufficient.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Циркадный ритм ― это 24-часовой периодический цикл, обусловленный вращением Земли, модулирующий поведение, физиологию и метаболизм всех живых организмов на нашей планете. Контролирующая циркадный ритм система называется циркадными часами. Механизм циркадных часов имеет решающее значение для развития и функционирования организма. Долгое время циркадные часы работали нормально и зависели от чередования тьмы и света, однако изменение стиля жизни (искусственное освещение, электронные устройства, сотовые телефоны, телевизор, длинные авиаперелёты и др.) оказало существенное влияние на циркадный ритм: последствием таких нарушений стали проблемы со здоровьем, которым придают значение в возникновении ряда заболеваний (злокачественные опухоли, болезни сердечно-сосудистой системы, нарушения метаболизма, ожирение, расстройства иммунитета).</p> <p>В коже циркадные ритмы проявляют себя в суточных изменениях трансэпидермальной потери воды, проницаемости и микроциркуляторной функции, интенсивности зуда, ритма сна, в работе врождённой и адаптивной иммунной системы. На клеточном уровне циркадному ритму подчинён митотический цикл деления клетки, время дифференцировки кератиноцитов и многое другое. При атопическом дерматите существует замкнутый круг: зуд ухудшает сон, приводит к хроническому стрессу, нарушая тем самым циркадный ритм сна-бодрствования, а недостаток и плохое качество сна, хронический стресс усиливают зуд. В свою очередь вышеперечисленные процессы провоцируют обострение атопического дерматита, при котором усиливаются как зуд, так и плохое качество сна, существенно ухудшается ритмическая работа всего организма в целом и кожи в частности.</p> <p>Понимание важности циркадных функций кожи и последствий их нарушения позволяет врачам улучшить терапию и максимально повысить эффективность назначаемых методов лечения. Возможно, многие топические препараты смогут принести больше пользы, если учитывать циркадные ритмы, а используемые средства могут быть слабее или меньшей концентрации.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>circadian rhythms of the skin</kwd><kwd>atopic dermatitis</kwd><kwd>sleep</kwd><kwd>pruritus</kwd><kwd>immunity</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>циркадные ритмы кожи</kwd><kwd>атопический дерматит</kwd><kwd>сон</kwd><kwd>зуд</kwd><kwd>иммунитет</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Manzella N, Bracci M, Strafella E, et al. Circadian modulation of 8-oxoguanine DNA damage repair. Sci Rep. 2015;5:13752. doi: 10.1038/srep13752</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B2"><label>2.</label><mixed-citation>Sassone-Corsi P. The time of your life. Cerebrum. 2014;2014:11.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B3"><label>3.</label><mixed-citation>Fan SM, Chang YT, Chen CL, et al. 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