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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="review-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Russian Journal of Skin and Venereal Diseases</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Russian Journal of Skin and Venereal Diseases</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Российский журнал кожных и венерических болезней</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">1560-9588</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2412-9097</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">676901</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17816/dv676901</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="edn">SEWTZQ</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>DERMATOLOGY</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ДЕРМАТОЛОГИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Review Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Current treatments for herpes: from traditional antiviral therapy to vaccines and genetic engineering (review)</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Современные методы лечения герпеса: от традиционной противовирусной терапии к вакцинам и генной инженерии (обзор)</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0006-0624-960X</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">6891-5654</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Murashkina</surname><given-names>Sofya N.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мурашкина</surname><given-names>Софья Николаевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>sofya_murashkina12@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1864-5635</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">8534-4691</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Budanova</surname><given-names>Elena V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Буданова</surname><given-names>Елена Вячеславовна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Cand. Sci. (Medicine), Associate Professor</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. мед. наук, доцент</p></bio><email>e.v.budanova@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">The First Sechenov Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University)</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет имени И.М. Сеченова (Сеченовский Университет)</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="preprint" iso-8601-date="2025-07-27" publication-format="electronic"><day>27</day><month>07</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2025-07-31" publication-format="electronic"><day>31</day><month>07</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>28</volume><issue>3</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>331</fpage><lpage>340</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2025-03-06"><day>06</day><month>03</month><year>2025</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2025-04-22"><day>22</day><month>04</month><year>2025</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2025, Eco-Vector</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2025, Эко-Вектор</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Эко-Вектор</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" start_date="2028-07-31"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://eco-vector.com/for_authors.php#07</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://rjsvd.com/1560-9588/article/view/676901">https://rjsvd.com/1560-9588/article/view/676901</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Herpesvirus infections caused by herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2 (HSV-1 and HSV-2) are among the most prevalent human viral infections and represent a significant global public health concern. According to the World Health Organization, billions of people worldwide are infected with various forms of herpesviruses. These infections not only result in physical discomfort, such as painful lesions and recurrent outbreaks affecting the skin and mucous membranes, but also lead to considerable emotional, psychological, and socioeconomic consequences. Given the widespread prevalence of herpes simplex virus and its ability to persist latently in the host, herpes management and prevention require a comprehensive and multifaceted approach.</p> <p>This review explores current and emerging strategies for the treatment of herpesvirus infections. Traditional antiviral therapy, primarily based on acyclovir and related analogs, aims to suppress active viral replication but does not eradicate latent virus, thereby limiting its long-term efficacy. Consequently, growing attention is being directed toward innovative treatment modalities, including the development of novel antiviral agents, prophylactic and therapeutic vaccines, genetic engineering approaches such as genome editing, and immunotherapies aimed at enhancing antiviral immune responses. Special emphasis is placed on the epidemiology of herpes simplex virus, challenges related to antiviral resistance, and the need for transformative strategies to control herpesvirus infections and reduce their societal burden.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Герпесвирусные инфекции, вызываемые вирусами простого герпеса 1-го и 2-го типов (ВПГ-1 и ВПГ-2), представляют собой одну из наиболее распространённых вирусных инфекций человека и являются серьёзной глобальной проблемой здравоохранения. По оценкам Всемирной организации здравоохранения, миллиарды людей по всему миру инфицированы теми или иными формами герпесвируса. Эти инфекции сопровождаются не только физическим дискомфортом, проявляющимся болезненными высыпаниями и рецидивирующими поражениями кожи и слизистых оболочек, но также значительными эмоциональными, психологическими и социально-экономическими последствиями. Учитывая широкое распространение вируса простого герпеса и его способность к латентному персистированию в организме, проблема герпеса требует всестороннего и комплексного подхода к лечению и профилактике.</p> <p>В настоящем обзоре рассматриваются современные и перспективные подходы к терапии герпесвирусных инфекций. Традиционная противовирусная терапия, основанная на применении ацикловира и его аналогов, направлена на подавление активной репликации вируса, но не позволяет устранить вирус в состоянии латенции, что ограничивает её эффективность в долгосрочной перспективе. В связи с этим всё большее внимание уделяется инновационным методам лечения, включая разработку новых противовирусных агентов, создание профилактических и терапевтических вакцин, использование методов генной инженерии, таких как редактирование генома, а также иммунотерапии, направленной на активацию противовирусного иммунного ответа. Особый акцент сделан на изучении эпидемиологии вируса простого герпеса, проблеме устойчивости вируса к терапии и необходимости разработки стратегий, способных радикально изменить подход к контролю над этой инфекцией и снизить её бремя для общества.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>herpesvirus infection</kwd><kwd>HSV-1</kwd><kwd>HSV-2</kwd><kwd>genital herpes</kwd><kwd>antiviral agents</kwd><kwd>vaccines</kwd><kwd>genetic engineering</kwd><kwd>immunotherapy</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>герпесвирусная инфекция</kwd><kwd>ВПГ-1</kwd><kwd>ВПГ-2</kwd><kwd>генитальный герпес</kwd><kwd>противовирусные препараты</kwd><kwd>вакцины</kwd><kwd>генная инженерия</kwd><kwd>иммунотерапия</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Looker KJ, Magaret AS, May MT, et al. Global and regional estimates of prevalent and incident herpes simplex virus type 1 and type 2 infections in 2012. 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