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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Russian Journal of Skin and Venereal Diseases</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Russian Journal of Skin and Venereal Diseases</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Российский журнал кожных и венерических болезней</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">1560-9588</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2412-9097</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">642566</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17816/dv642566</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="edn">XVJPDB</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>DERMATOLOGY</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ДЕРМАТОЛОГИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">MicroRNA diagnostic value in pemphigus diagnosis</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Диагностическая значимость оценки уровня экспрессии микроРНК при аутоиммунной пузырчатке</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5800-4800</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">8013-3256</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Teplyuk</surname><given-names>Natalia P.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Теплюк</surname><given-names>Наталия Павловна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine), Professor</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор медицинских наук, профессор</p></bio><email>teplyukn@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8887-4420</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">5232-8230</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Shimanovskiy</surname><given-names>Nikolay L.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шимановский</surname><given-names>Николай Львович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine), Professor, Corresponding member of the Russian Academy of Sciences</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор медицинских наук, профессор, чл.-корр. РАН</p></bio><email>shimannn@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4998-9991</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">1261-5650</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Fedotcheva</surname><given-names>Tatiana A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Федотчева</surname><given-names>Татьяна Александровна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine), Professor</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор медицинских наук, профессор</p></bio><email>tfedotcheva@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7020-0572</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">8204-4555</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Mak</surname><given-names>Daria V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мак</surname><given-names>Дарья Витальевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>аспирант</p></bio><email>dariamak25@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3617-2555</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">1441-8730</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kolesova</surname><given-names>Yuliya V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Колесова</surname><given-names>Юлия Владимировна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Cand. Sci. (Medicine)</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат медицинских наук</p></bio><email>kolesovamsmu@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4365-3090</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">3261-3520</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Lepekhova</surname><given-names>Anfisa A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лепехова</surname><given-names>Анфиса Александровна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Cand. Sci. (Medicine), Assistant Professor</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат медицинских наук, доцент</p></bio><email>anfisa.lepehova@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0008-1894-5746</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">9735-2364</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Ulchenko</surname><given-names>Darya N.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ульченко</surname><given-names>Дарья Николаевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>motci@list.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University)</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет имени И.М. Сеченова (Сеченовский Университет)</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">The Russian National Research Medical University named after N.I. Pirogov</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Российский национальный исследовательский медицинский университет имени Н.И. Пирогова</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="preprint" iso-8601-date="2025-05-24" publication-format="electronic"><day>24</day><month>05</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2025-06-21" publication-format="electronic"><day>21</day><month>06</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>28</volume><issue>2</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>200</fpage><lpage>211</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2024-12-05"><day>05</day><month>12</month><year>2024</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2025-03-21"><day>21</day><month>03</month><year>2025</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2025, Eco-Vector</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2025, Эко-Вектор</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Эко-Вектор</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" start_date="2028-06-21"/></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://rjsvd.com/1560-9588/article/view/642566">https://rjsvd.com/1560-9588/article/view/642566</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><bold>BACKGROUND</bold>: Pemphigus is a group of life-threatening, chronic, progressive skin disease. To implement timely and adequate therapy aimed at preserving life and improving its quality, it is necessary to provide a diagnostic test confirming the diagnosis.</p> <p><bold>AIM:</bold> This study aimed to compare the expression levels of miR-338-3p and miR-424-5p in patients with pemphigus during therapy and remission, as well as in control groups of patients with other bullous skin diseases and healthy controls, and to evaluate the diagnostic value of miR-338-3p and miR-424-5p expression.</p> <p><bold>MATERIALS AND METHODS:</bold> Prospective comparative study was conducted. The study included 20 patients with active pemphigus, 15 patients in remission, 15 healthy control group participants, and 6 patients with other bullous diseases in the active stage. The expression of miRNA-338-3p and miR-424-5p was evaluated by qRT-PCR, cDNA was obtained using StemLoop technology. MicroRNA relative expression levels were analyzed based on its comparison with the expression of U6 gene using 2-ΔΔСT method.</p> <p><bold>RESULTS:</bold> The expression levels of miR-338-3p and miR-424-5p were significantly higher in patients with pemphigus active stage compared to all other groups (<italic>p</italic> &lt;0.001). There was a statistically significant relationship between miR-338-3p expression level and disease severity according to the PDAI index (<italic>p</italic> &lt;0.001), for miR-424-5p there was also a positive correlation with severity, but with a weaker relationship. ROC analysis showed high diagnostic accuracy of miR-338-3p (AUC 0.94) and miR-424-5p (AUC 0.93) for differentiating between patients with active pemphigus and healthy controls, with sensitivity and specificity of 95.0% and 75.0%, 95.0% and 73.3%, respectively. At week 3 from the start of glucocorticosteroid therapy, miR-338-3p levels were significantly decreased in patients in the active pemphigus (<italic>p</italic>=0.035), whereas no statistically significant decrease in miR-424-5p was observed.</p> <p><bold>CONCLUSION:</bold> miR-338-3p and miR-424-5p are significant in pemphigus as potential biomarkers for diagnosis and severity grade, and the expression level of miR-338-3p can be used to determine the efficacy of pathogenetic therapy.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Обоснование</bold><bold>.</bold> Аутоиммунная пузырчатка ― группа жизнеугрожающих, прогрессирующих дерматозов, требующих своевременной и точной диагностики для проведения эффективной терапии.</p> <p>Цель исследования ― сравнить уровни экспрессии miR-338-3p и miR-424-5p у пациентов с аутоиммунной пузырчаткой в активной стадии и ремиссии, а также у участников групп здорового контроля и пациентов с другими буллёзными дерматозами; оценить их диагностическую значимость и связь с тяжестью заболевания.</p> <p><bold>Материалы и методы.</bold> В проспективное сравнительное исследование включены 20 пациентов с аутоиммунной пузырчаткой в активной стадии, 15 ― в стадии ремиссии, 15 участников группы здорового контроля, а также 6 пациентов в активной стадии других буллёзных дерматозов. Изучение экспрессии miRNA-338-3p и miR-424-5p проводили с помощью полимеразной цепной реакции в режиме реального времени, комплементарную ДНК получали на основе технологии StemLoop. Оценка уровней относительной экспрессии основывалась на её сравнении с экспрессией малой ядерной РНК U6.</p> <p><bold>Результаты.</bold> Уровни экспрессии miR-338-3p и miR-424-5p были значительно выше у пациентов с активной стадией аутоиммунной пузырчатки, чем в других группах исследования (<italic>p</italic> &lt;0,001). Установлена статистически значимая связь между уровнем экспрессии miR-338-3p и тяжестью заболевания по индексу PDAI (<italic>p</italic> &lt;0,001), для miR-424-5p также выявлена положительная, но более слабая корреляция со степенью тяжести. ROC-анализ показал высокую диагностическую точность miR-338-3p (AUC 0,94) и miR-424-5p (AUC 0,93) для разграничения пациентов с активной стадией аутоиммунной пузырчатки и участников группы здорового контроля, с чувствительностью и специфичностью 95,0% и 75,0%, 95,0% и 73,3% соответственно. На третьей неделе от начала терапии системными глюкокортикостероидами у пациентов с активной стадией аутоиммунной пузырчатки уровень miR-338-3p значительно снижался (<italic>p</italic>=0,035), тогда как статистически значимого снижения miR-424-5p не наблюдалось.</p> <p><bold>Заключение.</bold> miR-338-3p и miR-424-5p, обладая высокой диагностической точностью, могут служить перспективными биомаркерами для диагностики и оценки тяжести аутоиммунной пузырчатки, а уровень экспрессии miR-338-3p ― для оценки эффективности проводимой патогенетической терапии.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>microRNAs</kwd><kwd>bullous dermatoses</kwd><kwd>pemphigus vulgaris</kwd><kwd>pemphigus foliaceus</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>микроРНК</kwd><kwd>буллёзные дерматозы</kwd><kwd>вульгарная пузырчатка</kwd><kwd>листовидная пузырчатка</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Borzova EYu, Vertieva EYu, Grabovskaya OJ, et al. 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