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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Russian Journal of Skin and Venereal Diseases</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Russian Journal of Skin and Venereal Diseases</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Российский журнал кожных и венерических болезней</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">1560-9588</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2412-9097</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">624831</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17816/dv624831</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>DERMATOONCOLOGY</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ДЕРМАТООНКОЛОГИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Changes in cytokine profile as a criterion for severity prediction of skin toxicity in cancer patients receiving epidermal growth factor receptor inhibitors</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Изменения цитокинового профиля как критерий тяжести прогнозирования кожной токсичности у онкологических больных, принимающих ингибиторы эпидермального фактора роста</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1684-8781</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="researcherid">AAG-7087-2021</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">6332-3970</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Orlova</surname><given-names>Ekaterina V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Орлова</surname><given-names>Екатерина Вадимовна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Cand. Sci. (Medicine)</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат медицинских наук</p></bio><email>orlovaderm@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0015-7094</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">4801-3742</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Sekacheva</surname><given-names>Marina I.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Секачева</surname><given-names>Марина Игоревна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine), Professor</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор медицинских наук, профессор</p></bio><email>sekacheva_m_i@staff.sechenov.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0004-8848-0674</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Prokhorova</surname><given-names>Marina V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Прохорова</surname><given-names>Марина Владимировна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>examlpe@address.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4622-4934</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">5085-0965</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Zykova</surname><given-names>Elena S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Зыкова</surname><given-names>Елена Сергеевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Cand. Sci. (Medicine)</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат медицинских наук</p></bio><email>zykova.e.s@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9334-3816</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kuznetsova</surname><given-names>Anna A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кузнецова</surname><given-names>Анна Александровна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>anyu.pushistaya@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0000-8468-2106</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">1292-2693</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Boot</surname><given-names>Maxim S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бут</surname><given-names>Максим Сергеевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>ebut_mc@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0005-8200-2716</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="scopus">57210471902</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="researcherid">AAG-7087-2021.</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">9525-2604</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Orlova</surname><given-names>Lyudmila O.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Орлова</surname><given-names>Людмила Олеговна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>examlpe@address.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University)</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет имени И.М. Сеченова (Сеченовский Университет)</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="zh"></institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University)</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет имени И.М. Сеченова (Сеченовский Университет)</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="preprint" iso-8601-date="2024-09-08" publication-format="electronic"><day>08</day><month>09</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2024-09-23" publication-format="electronic"><day>23</day><month>09</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>27</volume><issue>4</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>377</fpage><lpage>388</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2023-12-24"><day>24</day><month>12</month><year>2023</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2024-05-19"><day>19</day><month>05</month><year>2024</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2024, Eco-Vector</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2024, Эко-Вектор</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Эко-Вектор</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" start_date="2027-09-23"/></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://rjsvd.com/1560-9588/article/view/624831">https://rjsvd.com/1560-9588/article/view/624831</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><bold>BACKGROUND</bold>: Globally, colorectal cancer is the third most diagnosed cancer with an increased incidence of 1.93 million cases in 2020 according to World Health Organization. Approximately one quarter of the initial manifestations of colorectal cancer are metastatic, and 40–50% of individuals with early-stage disease eventually develop metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC). Targeted drugs, which include epidermal growth factor receptor inhibitors (EGFRi), are a frequent choice in the therapy of metastatic colorectal cancer. Clinical observations and in vivo studies have established a significant association between the administration of EGFRi drugs and skin inflammation, particularly acute in the first 3 months. However, the role of proinflammatory cytokines in the formation of severe skin lesions has not been definitively studied. Here we present clinical evidence of the involvement of a few cytokines in the formation of the pathologic cascade of reactions during EGFR blockade on keratinocyte membranes.</p> <p><bold>AIM:</bold> Evaluation of changes in cytokine profile parameters based on the MILLIPLEX Analyte MAP panel to identify predictors of the severity of unwanted skin toxicity associated with epidermal growth factor receptor inhibition.</p> <p><bold>MATERIALS AND METHODS:</bold> Blood serum samples from 81 patients aged 18–80 years who were taking EGFRi for oncologic disease and had adverse dermatologic reactions of severity 2 or more were analyzed. The data were analyzed using SPSS software and R 4.3.1 programming language and tidyverse, rstatix packages. Detected changes with p &lt;0.05 were analyzed considering subgroup analysis on the basis of selected cutaneous toxicity severity degrees based on the criteria developed by the US National Cancer Institute NCI-CTC v. 4.</p> <p><bold>RESULTS:</bold> Blocking of EGF receptor inhibits the expression and release of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), which is the main inducer of vascular proliferation, the consequence of which is inflammation of vascular endothelium of skin capillaries. Significant increase of IFN-γ and decrease of IFN-α2 level was found in patients with manifestations of skin toxicity of 2 and more severity degree. Also, a significant criterion of severity of the skin process was an increase in the level of TNF-α. At such dissociation there is induction of STING protein (interferon gene stimulator) and increase of TNF-β production that, in its turn, leads to increase of concentration of proinflammatory cytokines G-CSF, GM-CSF, IFN-α2, IFN-γ, IL-15, IL-17A, IL-1β, IL-3, IL-6, IL-8, IP-10, TNF-α, TGF-α, IL-9. This contributes not only to the maintenance of tissue inflammation, but also to the formation of a vicious circle leading to an increase in the severity of class-mediated inflammatory response against the background of further EGFRi administration.</p> <p><bold>CONCLUSION:</bold> Determination of predictors of severity of adverse dermatologic reactions is extremely important for predicting the development of severity and further personalized tactics for correction of adverse events.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Обоснование.</bold> Колоректальный рак занимает третье место по частоте встречаемости в мире. Почти у половины пациентов развивается метастатический колоректальный рак, в лечении которого часто используются таргетные препараты, в частности ингибиторы эпидермального фактора роста (EGFR).</p> <p>Цель исследования ― оценка изменения показателей цитокинового профиля на основе панели MILLIPLEX Analyte MAP для выявления предикторов тяжести нежелательной кожной токсичности, связанной с приёмом ингибиторов EGFR.</p> <p><bold>Материалы и методы.</bold> Исследованы образцы сыворотки крови пациентов в возрасте 18–80 лет (<italic>n</italic>=81), принимавших ингибиторы EGFR по поводу онкологического заболевания и имеющих проявления нежелательных дерматологических реакций от II степени тяжести и более. Анализ данных проведён с использованием программного обеспечения SPSS, языка программирования R 4.3.1 и пакетов tidyverse, rstatix. Выявленные изменения (<italic>p</italic> &lt;0,05) проанализированы с учётом подгруппового анализа на основании выделенных степеней тяжести кожной токсичности согласно критериям NCI-CTC v.4, разработанным Национальным институтом онкологии США.</p> <p><bold>Результаты.</bold> Блокирование EGFR подавляет экспрессию и высвобождение фактора роста эндотелия сосудов (VEGF), следствием чего является воспаление сосудистого эндотелия капилляров кожи. Значительное повышение концентрации интерферона-γ и снижение уровня интерферона-α2 выявлено у пациентов с проявлениями кожной токсичности от II степени тяжести и более. Значимым критерием тяжести кожного процесса является также повышение уровня фактора некроза опухоли-α. При такой диссоциации происходят индукция белка STING (стимулятор интерферонового гена) и увеличение продукции фактора некроза опухоли-β, что в свою очередь приводит к увеличению концентрации провоспалительных цитокинов и, таким образом, способствует не только поддержанию тканевого воспаления, но и образованию порочного круга, обусловливающего выраженность классопосредованной воспалительной реакции на фоне дальнейшего применения ингибиторов EGFR.</p> <p><bold>Заключение.</bold> Определение предикторов тяжести побочных дерматологических реакций чрезвычайно важно для прогнозирования тяжести и дальнейшей персонифицированной тактики коррекции нежелательных явлений.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>cytokine</kwd><kwd>skin toxicity</kwd><kwd>epidermal growth factor</kwd><kwd>metastatic colorectal cancer</kwd><kwd>interleukin</kwd><kwd>immune response</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>цитокин</kwd><kwd>кожная токсичность</kwd><kwd>эпидермальный фактор роста</kwd><kwd>метастатический колоректальный рак</kwd><kwd>интерлейкин</kwd><kwd>иммунный ответ</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Moriarity A, O’Sullivan J, Kennedy J, et al. 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