Russian Journal of Skin and Venereal DiseasesRussian Journal of Skin and Venereal DiseasesРоссийский журнал кожных и венерических болезней1560-95882412-9097Eco-Vector60743910.17816/dv607439DERMATOLOGYДЕРМАТОЛОГИЯReview ArticleGenetic determinants of atopic dermatitisГенетические детерминанты атопического дерматитаhttps://orcid.org/0009-0003-8951-12444615-2340GrebennikovaInna P.ГребенниковаИнна Павловна
Russian Federation
inna.pavlovna.gr@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-7214-31563018-8421MorrisonAnna V.МоррисонАнна Витальевна
Russian Federation

MD, Cand. Sci. (Med.), Associated Professor

кандидат медицинских наук, доцент

morrison-av@rambler.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-7401-99302483-3578LipatovaTatiana E.ЛипатоваТатьяна Евгеньевна
Russian Federation

MD, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor

доктор медицинских наук, профессор

lipatova.t@inbox.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-9752-13529205-0670YereminaMaria G.ЕреминаМария Геннадьевна
Russian Federation

MD, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Associated Professor

доктор медицинских наук, доцент

913693@mail.ruSaratov State Medical University named after V.I. RazumovskyСаратовский государственный медицинский университет имени В.И. Разумовского1201202427127361110202313012024Copyright ©; 2024, Eco-VectorCopyright ©; 2024, Эко-Вектор2024Eco-VectorЭко-Векторhttps://rjsvd.com/1560-9588/article/view/607439

Atopic dermatitis is a heterogeneous disease, the pathogenesis of which is associated with mutations of genes encoding structural proteins of the epidermis, barrier enzymes and their inhibitors.

The article analyzes data from the works of various authors on the study of gene expression in atopic dermatitis, and notes the role of genes regulating innate and adaptive immune responses, as well as environmental factors inducing the disease. Recent studies indicate a key role of epigenetic changes in the development of the disease. Epigenetic modifications are mainly mediated by DNA methylation, histone acetylation and the action of specific non-coding RNAs. It has been documented that the profile of epigenetic changes in patients with atopic dermatitis differs from that observed in healthy individuals.

Understanding epigenetic changes is critical for developing personalized treatment strategies.

Атопический дерматит представляет собой гетерогенное заболевание, патогенез которого связан с мутациями генов, кодирующих структурные белки эпидермиса, барьерные ферменты и их ингибиторы.

В статье проведён анализ данных работ разных авторов по изучению экспрессии генов при атопическом дерматите, отмечена роль генов, регулирующих врождённые и адаптивные иммунные реакции, а также факторов окружающей среды, индуцирующих заболевание. Исследования последних лет указывают на ключевую роль эпигенетических изменений в развитии заболевания. Эпигенетические модификации опосредуются в основном метилированием ДНК, ацетилированием гистонов и действием специфических некодирующих РНК. Документально подтверждено, что профиль эпигенетических изменений у больных атопическим дерматитом отличается от такового у здоровых людей.

Понимание эпигенетических изменений имеет решающее значение для разработки персонализированных стратегий лечения.

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