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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Fluid Dynamics</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Fluid Dynamics</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Известия Российской академии наук. Механика жидкости и газа</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">1024-7084</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">3034-5340</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">The Russian Academy of Sciences</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">691966</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.31857/S1024708425030066</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Articles</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Статьи</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Hydrodynamic Instability of Spatially Periodic Flows of Homogeneous and Stratified Fluid with Regard for Friction. Formation of Steady-State Vortex Disturbances</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>ГИДРОДИНАМИЧЕСКАЯ НЕУСТОЙЧИВОСТЬ ПРОСТРАНСТВЕННО ПЕРИОДИЧЕСКИХ ТЕЧЕНИЙ ОДНОРОДНОЙ И СТРАТИФИЦИРОВАННОЙ ЖИДКОСТИ С УЧЕТОМ ТРЕНИЯ. ФОРМИРОВАНИЕ СТАЦИОНАРНЫХ ВИХРЕВЫХ ВОЗМУЩЕНИЙ</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kalashnik</surname><given-names>M. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Калашник</surname><given-names>М. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email>kalashnik-obn@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Obukhov Institute of Atmospheric Physics of the Russian Academy of Sciences</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Институт физики атмосферы им. А. М. Обухова РАН</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Schmidt Institute of Physics of the Earth of the Russian Academy of Sciences</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Институт физики Земли им. О. Ю. Шмидта РАН</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2025-07-15" publication-format="electronic"><day>15</day><month>07</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><issue>3</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en">NO3 (2025)</issue-title><issue-title xml:lang="ru">№3 (2025)</issue-title><fpage>60</fpage><lpage>72</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2025-10-04"><day>04</day><month>10</month><year>2025</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2025, Russian Academy of Sciences</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2025, Российская академия наук</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Russian Academy of Sciences</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Российская академия наук</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" start_date="2025-07-02"/></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://rjsvd.com/1024-7084/article/view/691966">https://rjsvd.com/1024-7084/article/view/691966</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The stability of spatially periodic flows of homogeneous and stratified fluid is investigated with regard for bottom friction. The Galerkin method with three basis Fourier harmonics is used to solve the stability problem. A system of ordinary differential equations for the amplitudes of the Fourier harmonics is formulated. A solution to the linearized version of the system is obtained and an expression for the increment of disturbance growth is found. It is established that at the nonlinear stage of development the exponential growth of linear disturbances is replaced by the regime of establishing steady-state periodic disturbances in form of closed cells. These disturbances reduce the averaged horizontal velocity of the flow. Analytical expressions for the spatial period and amplitude of steady-state disturbances are obtained.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Исследована устойчивость пространственно периодических течений однородной и стратифицированной жидкости с учетом придонного трения. Для решения задачи устойчивости использован метод Галеркина с тремя базисными фурье-гармониками. Сформулирована система обыкновенных дифференциальных уравнений для амплитуд фурье-гармоник. Получено решение линеаризованного варианта системы, найдено выражение для инкремента нарастания возмущений. Установлено, что экспоненциальный рост линейных возмущений на нелинейной стадии развития сменяется режимом установления стационарных периодических возмущений в форме замкнутых ячеек. Эти возмущения уменьшают осредненную горизонтальную скорость течения. Получены аналитические выражения для пространственного периода и амплитуды стационарных возмущений.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>hydrodynamic instability</kwd><kwd>bottom friction</kwd><kwd>growth rate</kwd><kwd>vortex cells</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>гидродинамическая неустойчивость</kwd><kwd>придонное трение</kwd><kwd>инкремент нарастания</kwd><kwd>вихревые ячейки</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Работа выполнена при поддержке PHФ (проект № 23-17-00273).</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Булатов В.В., Владимиров Ю.В. Волны в стратифицированных средах. М.: Наука, 2015. 735 с.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B2"><label>2.</label><mixed-citation>Гилл А. Динамика атмосферы и океана. М.: Мир, 1986. Т. 2. 415 с.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B3"><label>3.</label><mixed-citation>Монин А.С. 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