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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Cosmic Research</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Cosmic Research</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Космические исследования</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">0023-4206</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">3034-5502</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">The Russian Academy of Sciences</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">699429</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.7868/S3034550225060033</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Articles</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Статьи</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">3D AND 2D TRANSPORT EQUATIONS OF GALACTIC COSMIC RAYS IN MODERN HELIOSPHERE MODELS – I</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>3D- И 2D-ТРАНСПОРТНЫЕ УРАВНЕНИЯ ГАЛАКТИЧЕСКИХ КОСМИЧЕСКИХ ЛУЧЕЙ В СОВРЕМЕННЫХ МОДЕЛЯХ ГЕЛИОСФЕРЫ – I</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kalinin</surname><given-names>M. S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Калинин</surname><given-names>М. С.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email>kalininns@lebedev.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Krainev</surname><given-names>M. B.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Крайнев</surname><given-names>М. Б.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email>email@example.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Lebedev Physical Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Физический институт им. П. Н. Лебедева РАН</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2025-12-15" publication-format="electronic"><day>15</day><month>12</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>63</volume><issue>6</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en">VOL 63, NO6 (2025)</issue-title><issue-title xml:lang="ru">ТОМ 63, №6 (2025)</issue-title><fpage>601</fpage><lpage>609</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2025-12-25"><day>25</day><month>12</month><year>2025</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2025, Russian Academy of Sciences</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2025, Российская академия наук</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Russian Academy of Sciences</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Российская академия наук</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" start_date="2026-12-24"/></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://rjsvd.com/0023-4206/article/view/699429">https://rjsvd.com/0023-4206/article/view/699429</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The paper presents the results of the reduction of the full three-dimensional (in spatial coordinates) transport equation of galactic cosmic rays in longitude. It is shown that in the simplest case of the quasi-stationary equation, usually used to describe the intensity of galactic cosmic rays near solar activity minima, when only the coefficient describing the particle drift depends on longitude, the resulting axisymmetric equation does not reduce to an a priori 2D-equation, in which the longitudinal component of the particle drift velocity is dropped from consideration. The presence of the drift modulation mechanism leads to the fact that in the 2D reduced equation the total drift velocity acquires a factor −1 ≤ <italic>F</italic> ≤ 1, depending on the latitude, and an additional term appears in the equation, taking into account the contribution of the three-dimensionality of the original equation.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>В работе приводятся результаты редукции по долготе полного трехмерного по пространственным координатам транспортного уравнения галактических космических лучей. Показано, что в простейшем случае квазистационарного уравнения, обычно применяемого для описания интенсивности галактических космических лучей вблизи минимумов солнечной активности, когда от долготы зависит только коэффициент, описывающий дрейф частиц, полученное осесимметричное уравнение не сводится к априорному 2D-уравнению, в котором долготная составляющая скорости дрейфа частиц выпадает из рассмотрения. Наличие дрейфового механизма модуляции приводит к тому, что в 2D редуцированном уравнении полная скорость дрейфа приобретает множитель <italic>F</italic> −1 ≤ <italic>F</italic> ≤ 1, зависящий от широты, а в уравнении появляется дополнительное слагаемое, учитывающее вклад трехмерности исходного уравнения.</p></trans-abstract></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Kalinin M.S., Krainev M.B. 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